A cipher is defined over the spaces of:
All Keys, K
All Messages, M
All Cipher texts, C
Cipher (defined as a triple, (K,M,C)) as a pair of algorithms (E,D) where E represents the encryption algorithm and D represents the decryption algorithm.
E:K×M→C
and
D:K×C→M
Such that:
∀m∈M,k∈K:D(k,E(k,m))=m
...A vector with non-negative components (representing specific probabilities) which add up to one
e.g.
(P(x0),P(x1),…,P(xn))
Also known as:
Stochastic Vectorx0: P(x) = 1,∀ x ≠ x0: P(x) = 0
In Probability Theory, a point distribution is a distribution which assigns all the probability to a given point (set element).
A function of the content being “signed”