Galilean Transformations

In Newton’s formulation of spacetime, time is an absolute; meaning that every observer experiences the same flow of time. Assuming an inertial frame with only translation across the x axis, an event P, can be translated between S and S′ by the following linear transformations:

t′=t

x′=x−vt

y′=y

z′=z

Switching between coordinates (S v. S′) requires only switching the sign on v.